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Dictionaries and the Modern Time
Nr. | Название главы | Стр. |
Abstract | 3 | |
Introduction | 4 | |
1. | General information | 5 |
1.1. | History of dictionaries | 6 |
1.2. | Types of dictionary | 8 |
1.2.1. | Encyclopaedic and linguistic dictionaries | 9 |
1.2.2. | Diachronic (dynamic) or synchronic (static) dictionaries | 10 |
1.2.3. | Historical and Etymological Dictionaries | 10 |
1.2.4. | Special dictionaries | 11 |
1.2.5. | General Dictionaries | 12 |
1.2.6. | Dictionaries from opinion of language | 13 |
2. | Modern time | 14 |
2.1. | Advantages in modern time | 14 |
2.2. | Disadvantages for dictionaries in Modern time | 16 |
Conclusions | 19 | |
Reference list | 20 |
Conclusions
After researching and writing this project, I come up with following conclusions:
• The word dictionary was created by John of Garland in 1220 (an Englishman). His book Dictionarius was written to help with Latin diction.
• First dictionaries were already in ancient time - cuneiform tablets with bilingual Sumerian - Akkadian wordlist. But for English language the early modern period was an era of major change for the language. New words was created, borrowed from Latin, Greek language.
• There are many types of dictionaries. But we can state some main criteria for the classification of dictionaries: Density of entries, The number of languages involved, The nature of entries, Axis of time, Arrangement of entries, Purpose, The prospective user.
• Other types are: Encyclopaedic and linguistic dictionaries, Diachronic (dynamic) or synchronic (static) dictionaries, Historical and Etymological Dictionaries, Special dictionaries and General dictionaries, Dictionaries from opinion of language.
• Modern time brings all information on online. And whit that there are some advantages and disadvantages. One of advantages is online dictionaries on Internet or in our smart phones that can help teachers and students to learn language, like Googla translate help it. People can be understood around the world. Read news in other language that we can understand what happen in world etc.
…
Once Drew Barrymore said that she is very sensitive to the English language. She had studied the dictionary obsessively when she was a kid and collected old dictionaries. She think that words are very powerful and they convey an intention. But what we can do if words change meaning all the time - and over time. In modern time things change lot more faster than before. Sometimes words changing meaning under our noses. One day you go sleep and word means one thing, but in another morning word has already gain other meaning. How we all going to communicate effectively if we allow words to shift in meaning like that? Well that is one of the problems in "modern" time. To find out the meaning of words, we use dictionaries. Few decades away we all had at least one dictionary at home. Big books, small books. It is good to have dictionaries to find out meaning of words, phrases. In modern time dictionaries are more accessible - one swipe away. But what is a dictionary? What kind of dictionaries there are? Those are few questions, what will be discussed in this project. That is the purpose of this project - to understand what is dictionaries and their place in our modern time. Writing my project I used following methods: 1) Descriptive; 2) Comparing; 3) Researching. I use books, internet resources, research papers, newspapers and journals. The project is divided into two big sections: first part is a general information about dictionaries - terminology, short history of dictionaries, types of dictionaries. In a second part I will discuss about advantages and disadvantages in our modern time for dictionaries.
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