The Dispute Settlement mechanism of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) came into effect in 1995 with a new rules-based system enforcing all WTO members to adapt the same basic standards for global trade. However, the champions of free trade: the US (United States) and the EU (European Union) have both been found guilty of protectionism on separate accounts despite having proclaimed to be ardent protagonists of a rules-based trading system. Several disputes have arisen with the result of WTO intervention where the so called 'big players' have violated agreements and trade rules, instigating punitive measures. Four controversial cases I am going to talk about involve leading members of the WTO (the EU and the US) having decided to ignore its rulings and resulting in WTO intervention. These cases have displayed political drive as well as protectionist motives and demonstrated the use of the Dispute Settlement Body: Firstly the situation of President Bush's decision to impose tariffs due to the US' ailing steel industry, secondly and most recently the US' controversial illegal export subsidies. Two more cases this time highlighting the EU's failure to adhere to WTO ruling are its refusal to run scientific tests on hormone treated meat case in 1999 and the banana export dispute in 1997 between the US and the EU.…
