During the course of the last hundred years, several studies of learning have been carried out by theorists who have focused their attention only on observed behaviour. Their philosophy is that – if no behavior is recorded, then no learning can be assumed. They have been merely concerned with the links between stimulus and a response in learning. Their greatest exponent was B.F.Skinner, whose ideas are outlined shortly.
Most of learning experiments of the early behaviorists were carried out on animals (for example-cats, dogs, rats and pigeons). In each case a number of key learning concepts were tested. These were:
Drive - A need or motive; a readiness to respond.
Stimulus – An external signal or prompt of some kind.
Response – The subject`s reaction (behaviour)
Reinforcement – Measures applied in order to strengthen a response.…
