A pronoun is a word that stands in place of a noun. In the sentence above, we could replace the noun 'the girl' by the pronoun 'she'. Similarly, 'a cake' could be replaced by 'it'.
A relative pronoun is a word that links one part of a sentence to another. In English the relative pronouns are 'who', 'whom', 'which', 'where' and 'that'. (eg. I gave him all the money that I earned.) The two parts of the sentence - (I gave him all the money, and that I earned) - are linked together by the relative pronoun 'that'.
A Negative is a word like 'not or 'never' that indicates an action is not being done.
Gender refers to whether a word is masculine or feminine.
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